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Vanadium is a silver-gray metal. The melting point is 1919±2°C, which belongs to the list of rare metals with high melting point. The boiling point of metal vanadium is 3000–3400°C, and the density of vanadium is 6.11 grams per cubic centimeter. Pure vanadium has ductility, but if it contains a small amount of impurities, especially nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, etc., it can also significantly reduce its plasticity. . Metal vanadium has many excellent physical and chemical properties, so metal vanadium has a wide range of uses.

Metal vanadium is known as the metal “vitamin”. The original metal vanadium is mostly used in steel. By refining the structure and grains of steel and increasing the grain coarsening temperature, the strength, toughness and wear resistance of steel can be increased. Later, people gradually discovered the excellent improvement effect of metal vanadium in titanium alloy, and applied it to the aerospace field, which made breakthrough progress in the aerospace industry. With the rapid development of science and technology, human requirements for new materials are increasing day by day. The application of metal vanadium in non-steel fields is more and more extensive, and its scope covers many fields such as aerospace and chemistry.

Metal vanadium is mainly used in the manufacture of high-speed cutting steel and other alloy steels and catalysts. Adding vanadium to steel can make vanadium steel. Vanadium steel has a tighter structure than ordinary steel, and has higher toughness, elasticity and mechanical strength. However, in the iron and steel industry, instead of adding pure metal vanadium to steel to make vanadium steel, it directly uses vanadium-containing iron ore to smelt vanadium steel.

The colors of metal vanadium salts are really colorful, green, red, black, yellow, green like emerald, black like thick ink. For example, divalent vanadium salts are often purple; trivalent vanadium salts are green, tetravalent vanadium salts are light blue, basic derivatives of tetravalent vanadium are often brown or black, and vanadium pentoxide is red. These colorful vanadium compounds are made into bright pigments: add them to glass to make colored glass, and can also be used to make various inks.

In addition, metal vanadium is also newly used in vanadium batteries, which are one of the excellent green storage batteries with strong development momentum. Provide power for submarines, ocean-going ships, and for power grid peak regulation, etc. No matter in terms of large-scale energy storage or the application prospects of electric vehicle power sources, the application of metal vanadium in vanadium batteries is more competitive.