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Superconductor fiber refers to a fiber made of superconductor whose resistance suddenly becomes zero below a certain temperature (transition temperature) and complete diamagnetic phenomenon occurs at the same time. The widely used superconducting fibers include niobium-titanium alloy superconducting fibers with a titanium content of 60% to 70%. The structure is a fiber with a diameter of 0.64 mm and a copper matrix, containing 1,345 niobium-titanium alloy filaments. The products are mainly used for high magnetic field devices and conductors with excellent performance; they can also be used in magnetic floating pad trains, nuclear melting furnaces, and medical equipment (NMR, CT, etc.) with special functions.

Superconductor fibers refer to fibers composed of superconductors with high critical temperature T, high critical magnetic field H and high critical current density Jc. Superconductors mainly include two categories, namely ductile solid alloys and brittle intermetallic compounds with crystal structures. At present, the first category is widely used. For example, niobium-titanium alloy superconducting fiber containing 60% to 70% titanium. It is a composite structure composed of multiple alloy filaments arranged in a copper matrix. In one such fiber with a diameter of 0.64mm and a copper matrix, there are a total of 1345 niobium-titanium alloy filaments.

Another example is a high-density superconductor fiber developed abroad. The material used is a superconducting oxide of a ternary mixture of M, Ba, and Cu. Its molecular formula can be summarized as: MBaCu, where x is from 6.5 to 7.0. Numerical value, M is a metal selected from the group of elements consisting of yttrium, neodymium, samarium, enthesium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium, and is dispersed, spinnable, and chemically homogeneous and amorphous. In superconducting oxides, the atomic ratio of M:Ba:Cu is 1:2:3. When making fiber. MBaCu is dispersed in organic polymers that are soluble in organic solvents. The weight ratio of the dispersed components should be at least 70%. The ideal combination of matrix polymer and its solvent is: polyethylene-xylene, polystyrene-xylene, polyurethane-dimethylacetamide. The superconducting oxide is mixed, dried and calcined, and then spun by screw extrusion. The resulting fiber is then subjected to high-temperature solvent removal and high-temperature treatment exceeding 1000°C. Superconducting fibers with considerably high critical current density and low flammability are obtained. The high critical current density of this fiber can reach about 100A·s/cm at 77K. Due to these superior properties, superconducting fibers are attracting increasing attention. For example, they can be used as magnetic materials for high magnetic field devices and transmission and transformation wires with excellent performance.