The pressure processing of titanium alloy manufacturers has more similarities with steel processing than with the processing of non-ferrous metals and alloys. Many process parameters of titanium alloys during forging, volume stamping and plate stamping are close to those of steel processing. But there are also some important features that must be paid attention to when pressure processing titanium and titanium alloys. During cold plastic deformation of titanium alloy, regardless of its chemical composition and mechanical properties, its strength will be greatly improved, and its plasticity will be correspondingly reduced. Therefore, annealing treatment between processes must be carried out. The low thermal conductivity of titanium and the formation of non-coiled shavings are important features of machining of titanium and its alloys. When cutting titanium, the tool edge face will generate high temperature. In order to dissipate heat, sharpened tools can be used, and a large amount of coolant and lubricant can be supplied. The tools made of cemented carbide BK6M, BK8, BK4, and BK2 have good cutting performance in grinding, milling, and drilling.
The grinding and polishing of titanium alloy is divided into the following three methods:
(1) Fine grinding
That is, the surface of titanium and titanium alloy castings is ground with conventional various types of corundum rubber wheels. The problem that needs to be paid attention to during grinding is still not to make the casting generate heat, not to cause grinding damage on the surface of the casting, and to make the entire surface smooth.
(2) Barrel grinding method
The so-called barrel grinding method is to put the processed casting, abrasive, water and additives into the barrel grinding tank, and the grinding barrel rotates and vibrates to cause friction between the mixture of the abrasive and the processed casting, and the surface of the casting is ground Smooth and flat. It is characterized by no dust pollution, low labor intensity, and no heat generation in the conventional grinding process. At present, there are commercialized barrel grinders and abrasives for grinding titanium alloy castings, other metal castings and plastics in Japan. It has been proved by experiments that the grinding efficiency of pk series abrasives is the highest, but the surface roughness is also very high. Although the grinding efficiency of SA and B series abrasives is not as good as that of PK, the surface smoothness of the ground titanium castings is relatively high. At present, the Fourth Military Medical University has successfully developed the first domestic barrel grinder for dentistry.
(3) Mechanical polishing method
The method of polishing the surface of titanium and titanium-containing alloys with soft cloth or black brushes of different specifications, dipped in a special polishing paste for titanium and titanium-containing alloys. When polishing titanium castings, it is necessary to completely clear the contamination layer on the surface of the casting and no new grinding hardened layer occurs, and the ideal polishing effect will not be achieved. When polishing, high speed and light pressure should be used for polishing. The author has also tried to use green polishing paste to polish titanium and titanium-containing alloy castings, and achieved a relatively ideal polishing effect. The polished titanium and titanium-containing titanium alloy castings cannot be washed immediately, and the surface oxide film must be completely formed before washing, otherwise the surface will become dark.