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Specific experimental process of Niobium-Titanium alloy maintaining superconductivity under ultra-high pressure

The experimental process of niobium-titanium alloy maintaining superconductivity under ultra-high pressure mainly includes the following steps:
1. Sample preparation
Niobium-Titanium alloy samples are usually prepared by smelting or high-temperature synthesis. The specific process involves mixing Niobium and Titanium in a certain proportion, then melting at high temperature and cooling to form the desired alloy structure.

2. Applying ultra-high pressure
High-pressure equipment (such as diamond anvils) is used in the experiment to apply pressure. Studies have shown that Niobium-Titanium alloys can still maintain superconductivity under pressures as high as 261.7 GPa. In the experiment, the sample is placed in a diamond anvil, and then the pressure is gradually increased to monitor its structural and electrical changes.

3. Temperature control
In order to observe the superconducting transition, the experiment is usually carried out in a low-temperature environment. A coolant such as liquid helium is used to reduce the sample temperature to about 1.8 K in order to evaluate its superconducting properties.

4. Measuring superconductivity
Under applied pressure and low temperature conditions, the superconducting state of the sample is detected by resistance measurement. The study found that under a pressure of 261.7 GPa, the superconducting transition temperature of the Niobium-Titanium alloy increased from 9.6 K at normal pressure to 19.1 K, and maintained a zero resistance state.

5. X-ray diffraction experiment
To confirm the crystal structure changes of the sample under high pressure, the research team also conducted synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments. The results showed that under a pressure of 200 GPa, the niobium-titanium alloy did not undergo a structural phase change, but its volume was compressed by about 43%.

6. Critical magnetic field measurement
Under specific pressure and temperature conditions, the critical magnetic field of the niobium-titanium alloy was also measured. Under the conditions of 211 GPa and 1.8 K, its critical magnetic field increased from 15.4 T to 19 T, indicating that the material has excellent superconducting properties under extreme conditions. These experimental results reveal that the Niobium-Titanium alloy can still maintain stable superconductivity under ultra-high pressure, and its sensitivity to volume changes is lower than that of other types of superconductors.